The Importance Of Effective Interpersonal Communication...

Interpersonal communication is a fundamental skill that nurses use every day to interact and communicate. These skills include clinical empathy towards patients, diverse cultural understanding, non-verbal communication and skills used to communicate with deaf patients. This paper will discuss why it is important for nurses to use effective interpersonal communication skills and tips to overcome elderspeak to help minimize patient complains within the healthcare practice. To create a healthy nurse – patient relationship, it is important for nurses to have empathy towards patients, gratifying the patient’s basic needs to be understood. Empathy towards patients allows the nurse to obtain an understanding of the patient’s emotional status. Empathy allows the nurse to connect on a more personal level, it produces a better understanding of the patient’s feelings and experiences. In a clinical setting empathy plays an important role where nurses actively listen to their patients, observing verbal and non-verbal communication. To listen allows the nurse to fully understand the patients’ needs and also provides the patient with a relaxing, confident experience knowing the nurse has empathy towards their situation. With patients differing from one another, nurses will find some patients will be more difficult than others. A study performed on family physicians to determine effective ways of coping with difficult patients . The results of this study had a proposed model to helpShow MoreRelatedInterpersonal Communication And The Workplace1116 Words   |  5 PagesINTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION IN THE WORKPLACE Introduction Communication occurs in the day to day life situation Hynes, G. E. (2015). People pass messages from one individual to another through communication. This makes communication to be taken for granted. Communication may not be that easy as it is the assumption of most of the people, but it is important to understand that for communication to be effective proper communication skills need to be applied. Communication is simply defined as theRead MoreThe Importance Of Oral Communication Skills Among University Graduates From A Managerial Perspective995 Words   |  4 PagesThe gap between oral communication proficiency among university graduates and the workplace requirements of the same has received a contentious attention in the recent past. Due to industrial transformation and global competition, university students are increased being required to integrate their oral skills and their specialized knowledge for them to gain an edge in the job market and remain synchronized with the wor ld as well. Notably, oral communication has become a backbone of most businessesRead MoreA Reflective Report on Interpersonal Management1150 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ A Reflective Report on Interpersonal Management Skills Module Code: 7BSP1010 Course: Interpersonal Management Skills 1 Tutor: Helen MacKinlay Student Name: XU ZHANGYONG Student Number: 13030219 Words: 1046 December 26th 2014 The purposes of this essay is to analyse the improtances of Interpersonal management skills for successful management, and to reflect on a verbal interpersonal cultural based difference people have personally experienced and how develop the cross cultural awarenessRead MoreNursing Theorist, Hildegard Peplau Knew That In Order To1533 Words   |  7 Pagesnurse. Nursing is a very interpersonal career, and by forming trusting relationships with patients early in one’s nursing practice, I can provide the best care possible to meet psychosocial needs as well as treat the present illness. The benefits that creating interpersonal relationships can have on the patients’ health condition and their planned outcomes, is also a very interesting area of focus. In my opinion, many nursing students today do not understand the importance of Peplau’s theory. ManyRead MoreThe Significant Principles of Management Communications2466 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿ Research Paper: The Significant Principles of Management Communications Mia A. Rapier BUS 600: Management Communication with Technology Tools Instructor Cheryl Moore July 27, 2014 It’s been understood that â€Å"communication in business involves a complex set of unwritten rules governing speech, written correspondence and body language that varies in different parts of the world† (Ingram, 2014). Communication is the essential component of business, â€Å"from the entry-level manager to theRead MoreThe Theory Of A Nurse1497 Words   |  6 Pageshave as a nurse. Nursing is a very interpersonal career, and by forming trusting relationships with patients early in one’s nursing practice, I can provide the best care possible to meet psychosocial needs as well as treat the present illness. The benefits that creating interpersonal relationships can have on the patients’ health condition and their planned outcomes, is also a very interesting area of focus. Many nursing students today did not understand the importance of Peplau’s theory. They chooseRead MoreEffective Communication As A Health Care Professional1313 Words   |  6 PagesCommunication is about more than just exchanging information. It s about understanding the emotion and intentions behind the information. Effective communication is how you convey a message so that it is received and understood by someone in exactly the way you intended (L. Robinson, J. Segal, Ph. D., M. Smith. 2015). This paper looks at the requirements of effective communication as a health care professional and the essential concepts to have as a registered nurse. Effective communication assistsRead MoreImportance of Interpersonal Communication Skills in Healthcare Professions1558 Words   |  7 PagesImportance of Interpersonal Communication sills in Healthcare Professions Interpersonal communication is a fundamental element to any healthcare interaction. First, second and third person communication skills are primary aspects of an interaction, encompassing both verbal and non-verbal communication skills. It will be argued that rapport building and questioning are vital interpersonal skills in a healthcare context and possessing the ability to ensue a positive relationship between a healthcareRead MoreEssay on Strategies for Effective Managerial Communication1708 Words   |  7 PagesStrategies for Effective Managerial Communication Ensuring effective managerial communication is a daunting challenge. Each manager has to find their own â€Å"path† to capably communicate with their employees, employers, suppliers, business associates and clients. How is effective employee communication achieved? Effective employee communication is achieved by understanding yourself, the differences within your workforce and your company operating environment. It is based on successfully utilizingRead MoreEssay on Why Effective Communication Is Important for Nursing1620 Words   |  7 PagesWhy Effective Communication is Important for Nursing This essay is set to explore the importance of developing effective communication skills in nursing. It will give a short overview on what communication is and what it involves. Then it will explain the importance of effective communication in nursing. Furthermore, the essay will briefly present some challenges surrounding communication in nursing and suggestions on how they can be addressed before it concludes by summarising the needs for nursing

The Baby Boomers Have Squandered Their Children’s Future Free Essays

THE BABY BOOMERS HAVE SQUANDERED THEIR CHILDREN’S FUTURE We should protect ourselves from the self centred attitude of the elderly. A generation that have ‘pulled the ladder they climbed up after them’, intending to prevent youth from attaining the merits of their own yesteryears. I am painting the picture of intergenerational fairness – a product of blame and a constant of culture designed to justify the impeding nature of society today. We will write a custom essay sample on The Baby Boomers Have Squandered Their Children’s Future or any similar topic only for you Order Now This vociferous claim is stifling nations as the desire to classify a diagnosis implants the division of ages through a unjustified mood. The baby boomer generation filled the hole opened by the wounded and dead, supplied a new workforce and bolstered prosperity, developing consumerist nations. A 1958 story in Life magazine declared that â€Å"kids† were a â€Å"built-in recession cure. † Whilst the thousands of men who returned infertile are denied scrutiny, despite declining fertility rates, aiding an ageing generation and contributing a diminutive amount to society. To destroy the idyllic past is the recollection of rationing, utility clothing, national service and events such as the Vietnam war. Can dwindling resources, debt or the enevitable issues of over population really be placed on these elders’ shoulders? Especially as, since October those over 65 are allowed to remain in occupations, so state reliance beforehand is free from their influence, just poor government prediction. Opposition then utter words of stunted growth. However the labour market is dynamic, not static – mature workers continue to pay taxes, fuelling the wealth that will expand employment, providing those opportunities for the young. In the UK university attendance has increased by 40%, the literacy rate is 99%, minimum wage will increase to ? . 31, we face higher life expectancy, and greater affluence as wealth is expected to double by 2050. Is this prospectus so detrimental or terminal? Since when has spending equalled squander? It merely stimulates the monetary cycle of the economy. The end of the post war economic boom, arrived from the collapse of the Bretton Woods System in 1971,th e 1973 oil crisis and The Nixon shock causing the stock market crash. It is the traditional conservative government that now promotes that each generation has a moral obligation, acting as a trustee and beneficiary, moving attention towards insubstantial social issues. But western society is not expected to evaluate through ethnicity, gender or sexual orientation as it tends to distort conceptions, this can be applied to age. It is vital to consider that one single group, circumstance or historical event has ever been solely to blame. There is always a collective of responsibilities and actions, therefore to burden the baby boomer’s would be naive and childish. An ideological obsession has formed causing the propagation of every single inequality and injustice between generations. A western, educated, modern society judging averages, demonising the elderly rather than adapting and extending change. How to cite The Baby Boomers Have Squandered Their Children’s Future, Papers

Personal Monologue Homework Essay Example For Students

Personal Monologue Homework Essay Sitting on the front porch, I gazed upon the sky, thinking about my parents’ expectations of me. We are about to have a conversation about my schoolwork and all that fun stuff during dinner tonight, so I better think of some speeches. This is it. We go to class everyday in order to get dismiss and we attend school for the summer break. If not for this mighty principle to uphold us, I can not imagine how we will have the courage to come to school! My parents said to me, â€Å"If only you’re as accurate and attentive when doing your math problems as to when you’re remembering the celebrities’ names; If only when you are answering question you are as certain and have the prestige you have in gym class; If only you are as quiet when you’re studying as when you’re taking a test, then I’ll acknowledge my ability is poor since I did not recognize your fineness. † If only, if only, why can’t they just accept it? I’m not the next Albert Einstein, I tried, I did and it was my best too. However, being as difficult as they are, they expect a whole lot more from me. If I try to reason with them by saying how hard and stressful school is, they would talk on and on about how their career is more stressful and difficult. I understand, I do, I know working is stressful but school is not anywhere far from it either. They should be more understanding, they should try to be in my shoes and go through what I went through. I know they went through school life as well but now its different, society’s view is different and now with the technology, it’s just too different. I don’t expect them to say school life is as stressful as work life but at least acknowledge that we have stress too and school is not easy. Also, why is that that every time after we finished a chapter, everyone said they don’t understand it and I comfort them saying I don’t understand as well. But when we’re taking a test, everyone was so relaxed and knows it while I still don’t understand? I tried, I did, and I studied a lot the night before but maybe it’s just not my best subject. I’m not good at every single subject for your information, like I’m good at math but I’m not good at science. I’m not those types of people who do excellent in one subject and as well in the others too. So please don’t compare me to other people, and don’t have too much expectation for me. It’s good to have someone believe in me, but the bigger the expectations, the harder the disappointment hits. Will they understand now?

Punk Rock and Green Day free essay sample

Green Day is punk Rock Punk rock defined by dictionary. Com is, a type of rock-n-roll, reaching its peak in the late 1 sass and characterized by loud, insistent music and abusive or violent protest lyrics, and whose performers and followers are distinguished by extremes of dress and socially defiant behavior. Personally, the definition that people put to the word punk rock may be a little different than the actual definition, but the original definition still is the backbone of punk rock. A band that stuck out to me as being a punk rock band, even through all the criticism of them being a pop rock band is Green Day. In my eyes they have created their punk ethos through their music. Green Day would perform and be seen with very unorthodox clothes when you think about punk rock. For example, they perform in suits and ties, which was very unorthodox for people to see. We will write a custom essay sample on Punk Rock and Green Day or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It was very unique, and it may not be exactly what the original definition had defined, but they continued the trend of punk rock by being different and not by following what others have already done.That alone, their ability to be risky and try something new, like their outfit, really gives them their punk ethos in my eyes. As well as their unique loathing, they would also wear eyeliner and other accessories that were different for their time, even though it was after the peak punk rock time. Lyrically, being described as a pop rock band means their lyrics dont go against certain social norms, which I strongly disagree with.For example, their song Good Riddance was a risky move that lead them to more success. But during their time, no song similar to that was ever created. The lyrics and the tempo were very different than all past songs. Also, albums like American Idiot in the title alone reject certain social norms. Songs such as Basket Case and Boulevard of Broken Dreams were so unique and were very different than the music being produced by other rock bands.Green Day does not exactly follow some of the ass bands that created the punk rock movement, but Green Day was a different time and yet they still followed some of the ideas that those bands in the ass were formed by. To be fair, the older songs of Green Day were more accepted to be defined as punk rock, but the band is still punk rock and they created a punk ethos by experimenting and being so different from others. Their visual appearance as never seen before, their eyeliner was a very noticeable change from the punk rock era, and their hair was unique as well.Even without their looks, their music is meaningful and rejects the social norm Of their time. Some Of their songs are still to this day unique which is another reason why Green Day is definitely punk rock. One of their famous albums, Doggie, is a perfect example of rejecting the social norm. Their songs, even in the album alone, are different and dont have the same style as other bands. Green Day is definitely a punk rock band, and has created its own punk ethos from their looks and lyrics throughout their time.

Paper Research

Paper Research Paper Research Paper Research: Strategies of Making Good Research When you get an assignment to write a paper, whether it is an essay, a research paper, a term paper or any other kind of student paper, you want to write it well in order to get high points. In what way can one write a good assignment paper? This is the main question that springs to your mind! Lets find an answer! To write a good paper you should make, first of all, good paper research. It does not matter what kind of student paper you have to write. One should stress that actually to make papers research means not only to conduct long-lasting investigation, make complicated calculations and observations. Even if you are writing a reaction paper on a certain movie, you have to make some research. It will be just the research of smaller size. In this case paper research will contain watching the movie, describing of the main characters, analyzing of the main idea and discussing of the matter problems. Anyway, it will take you some t ime and certain efforts to make this research. Thus, the essence does not change, only the research scale is different. Three main elements of making good paper research To make good paper research you should take into account 3 aspects!You should be interested in the issue that is investigated. If you are free in choosing your paper topic, of course, it is very easy for you to meet this condition. But what should you do if you are provided with a certain topic? There is no problem as well. The matter is that you have to study a certain point of this topic. Thus, try to find a point that will get you interested most of all while studying informational materials on the given topic. You should study the question thoroughly. You should understand that to make good paper research you should have good informational basis. So, try to process as much information on your topic as you can. Do not forget to write down some specific data that may be useful for your writing. This may be some figures, quotations, observation results and so on. You should neither be in hurry, no dilly-dally! Making a time-table for your writing process will help you control your time left till the submission date. Split your work into several parts (for example, studying the information, making an outline for your paper, writing and checking) trying to determine approximate time that will take you to fulfill each part of the work. Do not forget to take into account some force-majeure circumstances! So, add several days to each part of your time-table. So, try to keep in mind this information and you will make really good paper research!

Book fair

BOOK FAIR- 2012 WHEN E-BOOKS MEET THE MANGO PEOPLE†¦ It was a fine sunny morning when I with my bunch of my classmates went to the 18th annual Delhi book fair on 6th September 2012 at Pragati Maidan. It was  a nine-day affair featuring discussions on proliferation of e-books and interaction with authors, apart from availability of vast number of books on divergent genres. We were supposed to report for a radio show as per our curriculum and were told to reach Pragati Maidan at 10 in morning. Getting up early and witnessing the bumpy metro ride I reached Pragati Maidan at 10.30 am. All are group members waited for the respected teachers to give us the gadget. The time we waited for the teachers to come we discussed about the theme of our radio show. As soon as we got the recorder we tightened up our belts and went to hall no. 8 from where the book fair commenced. We chose children’s book as our theme for radio show and decided to take the bites of all the students and children. First of all we went to the information desk to know about the number of stalls that were based on children books and educational games. We found that out of 235 stalls 40 to 45 stalls were dedicated for the children of all ages. We also came to know that the theme of the book fair this time was e-books. We started with the school children of classes 3rd to 5th of New India Modern Public School and recorded their experience at the book fair. Also we talked to their teachers who told us about the books they preferred for their children. Then we all went to the group of school girls who came all the way from Himachal Pradesh along with their teachers to explore Book Fair 2012 as it was a part of their training program to learn English. They told us that it was their first visit to book fair and how it helps them in their training program. We also talked to the parents and children and different stall owners and recorded their aims and aspirations from the book fair this year. After we got the required bites we handed over the recorder to the other group and I went to look for different books especially the e-books. The new theme e-books influenced me a lot personally. The idea of saving trees by omitting paper for e-books was quiet paramount. I really liked the concept and especially the material that it offered. It was one of the easiest and environment friendly ways that makes reading and learning fun. I also went and saw many books by national geography and saw the epical photographs that were printed in them. Over all it was a nice educational expedition that was accompanied by fun and new learning ventures. VINAYAK VERMA SEM III-B

Biographical approach to antheap Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Biographical approach to antheap - Essay Example The main theme of the story focuses on how the two boys are able to sustain their friendship despite the tribulations that occur. According to Lessing (13), Macintosh who is a goldmine owner oppresses the Africans who work in their mines. The eviroment in which the Africans work are deplorable and the state of the mine continues to get dangerous (Lessing 20). Tommy, who is white, plays with black children despite the refutation from his mother. Tommy’s parents who are immediate neighbors to Macintosh refrain their sin from engaging with the black children ( Lessing 25). â€Å"New Historicism† is a technique that critics utilize to examine skeptically the writers content. Critics tend to associate the books content to the authors character, which is not a concrete basis. The writer’s mannerisms can be autonomous of the information of his work. The happenings of an autobiographical subject, for example, Doris Lessing describes of the racial experience of black peop le in Zimbabwe through the troubles of small boys, while this is not reflective of the experiences of the author. She is of British descent and has spent a large fraction o her life in Europe away from the impediments that exist in Africa particularly Zimbabwe. This further emphasizes that the expression of the author cannot determine his character since she may utilize expressive language to sweeten the story. This approach of critics is speculative and no concrete authentication to the views the critic proposes can be verified. The language of a writer is not credible enough to warrant the biography as prejudicial. The biographical details should not be an estimation of the writer’s opinions on the written issues. In addition, some critics utilize less credible sources to disregard the information put forth by the author. Doris has written numerous fictional articles

Operations and Projects Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Operations and Projects Management - Essay Example The quality of service to a customer is paramount in any service firm, and the Bank of Muscat has not underrated this fact. It is one of the banks offering the best quality of banking services in Oman. The bank has a strong believe in quality leadership that seeks to challenge everything the bank does. Such an approach helps the bank maintain and improve the quality of services offered. The bank’s quality policy is pegged on building and maintaining a good reputation and image by offering the best quality in services and products to customers (Ilin, 2010). The bank targets both international and international markets and boasts more about offering products that exceed the needs of their customers. On quality, the bank pursues the following objectives; Govindarajo & Kalyani, (2013, p. 569) Conducted a study to examined how the bank uses relationship marketing to deliver quality service to its customers. They found that the quality of services was measured in terms of responsiveness, ambience, trust and assurance. Bank Muscat has done very well in delivering quality service through the quality management system that ensures responsiveness to customer queries and complaints, their banking halls are designed to offer the latest and more comfortable service thereby creating the required ambience (Bank Muscat, 2013). Customers are served almost as soon as they appear on the bank. This has helped the bank to gain trust since customers are assured of the best service. The bank employees are specially trained to handle customers by offering the best services. The design of the banking facilities is one of the best in Oman as technology has been used to improve customer experience and delivery of service (Ilin, 2010). The bank is better pl aced because its services and products are based on Islamic beliefs, which are the fundamental religion in the area. The bank has designed its products to cover both individuals and

East Asian History Essay Example for Free

East Asian History Essay In the year 1943, the allied forces made a Deceleration in Cairo pledging freedom for the Korean peninsula from Japan. The US, China and Great Britain were the main parties involved in this declaration, often known as the ‘Cairo Declaration’. In the Yalta Conference, Roosevelt made a proposal to the USSR leaders for having a four-power leadership of Korea. Although, Stalin took President Roosevelt points into consideration, no formal agreement was reached upon. President Roosevelt proposed that the US, USSR, Great Britain and China would take hold on Korea. Following these talks, the tension between the communist nations and the western nations began to rise. In the Postdam conference in July 1945, Independence was promised for Korea. The US asked the USSR to enter the war with Japan to free Korea. However, they also suggested that the Japanese could not be attacked from Korea, unless the Japanese mainlands were captured. The USSR army attacked the Japanese forces from the northern side after capturing Manchuria. Following the American bombing of the Japanese cities in August 8, 1945, the Japanese troops began to surrender. The 38th Parallel was utilized as a line of control. North of this line, the USSR troops took charge and south of this line, the American army had control. The Japanese forces actually surrendered to the US forces on September 8th in Seoul. The USSR forces began to seal the line of control. The USSR forces were however present in Korea earlier compared to the American forces. There are many reasons as to why the US government wanted to divide Korea. Some suggest that it was basically done to prevent the USSR army from occupying the entire Korea. Other felt that it was to increase the military presence (from several countries) in Korea, and in this way prevent any single power from taking control of Korea. Initially, the Korean division was proposed as a temporary measure (basically for military operations). However, the conflict between the Eastern and Western powers meant that no particular solution was reached for this issue. In this way Korea continued to be divided (Turner Learning, 2007 Britannica Encyclopedia, 2007). Once Korea was divided, the Americans began to have a Government under Korea under the rule of Syngman Rhee. This government was basically set up against communism. South Korea was called as ‘Republic of Korea’. In the northern side, the USSR government set up a communist government under the rule of Kim II Sung. This state was called as ‘Democratic People’s Republic of Korea’. Kim II Sung was actually a major of the Red Army. After the World War II he was considered the head of the North Korean communist party. He was appointed the head of a committee for settling administrative issues. In 1947, a legislative assembly was formed in North Korea, and Kim was elected the head. He had a strong military presence in North Korea. Initially, Stalin wanted to stop Kim from using communist influence in North Korea, but Kim was against this. Later, Stalin and Kim were planning to enforce communism throughout Korea. Kim II Sung’s army was known as the ‘North Korean Military Army’. This army included a few generals who had waged war against the Japanese. Kim was interested in developing a nation that was torn out of war. He brought all agricultural activities under the control of state. He also started developing the industry in Korea. On the other hand, the South Korean’s did not have a strong military presence under the US army. When the US army was withdrawing its troops in 1949, only about 100, 000 soldiers were trained in the South Korean Army. The Russians began to support an attack of South Korea in the year 1950. North Korea utilized Russian artillery, guns and tanks to launch an attack in South Korea. The South Koreans were unprepared by the attack from the North Koreans. The American aid was rather insufficient. The Americans and the UN had to support South Korea in its fight against North Korea during the Korean War (Turner Learning, 2007 Britannica Encyclopedia, 2007).

What Women Imply In Silence Essay -- Identity Style Expression

While walking through a random office the individual would see a multitude of women suggesting many things through their appearance, while all the men in the office will have the same style of slacks, dress shirt, and shined shoes. There may be slight variations in the men’s looks, but none of those variations compares to the variations evident in women. Deborah Tannen uses her essay â€Å"There is no Unmarked Woman†, published in 1994 within the book Talking From 9 to 5, to bring forth the idea that in the professional, working world all men are unmarked basic molds of each other while women mark themselves through the use of particle in linguistics, way they look, fill out a form, and change their surname after marriage. Tannen starts her essay by analyzing the people in her small business conference: Four women and eight men. She notices how each women presents something different through her clothes, makeup, hairstyle, and shoes. While the women separated themselves through their looks the males were the unmarked of the group with no special separate styles. Tannen uses her knowledge of linguistics to try to explain this fact. She uses the linguistics term marked. Marked refers to the particle that has no meaning of its own such as es and s (Tannen, 141). These particles only make sense when attached to the root word like wishes and misses. The root word or unmarked words are connected to the â€Å"male†; while the marked particles such as ess represent the female for example the word actress. Sadly the female endings also bring forth an idea of silliness. Tannen also brings forth the point that women cannot even fill out forms without giving forth information about themselves. When men are asked to fill out forms they chose the... ...rk Times, n.d. Web. 28 Oct. 2010. abortion.htm>. Longley, Robert. "U.S. Birth Rate Hits All-Time Low." About.com. The New York Times Co., 2010. Web. 20 Oct. 2010. censusstatistic/a/aabirthrate.htm>. Monahan, Michael. "Complications You Can Have with Your Abortion." Abortion Facts.com. Heritage House '76, 15 Nov. 2006. Web. 20 Oct. 2010. . Peterson, Linda H. The Norton Reader: An Anthology of Nonfiction. New York: Norton & Company, 2000. Print. Torres, Adia Forest, Jacqueline Darroch. "Why Do Women Have Abortions?" Guttmacher Insitute 20.4 (1988): 169-176. JSTOR. Web. 20 Oct. 2010. 2135792.pdf?acceptTC=true>.

Psychological Prospective

Human behavior has been studied by Psychologist throughout the years. Although they cannot agree upon what makes a person who they are, a few different theories have been developed. Among these theories are the evolutionary theory, the behavioral theory, the biological theory and the cognitive theory. The evolutionary theory focuses on our traits being passed down through the survival of genes. The behavioral theory is based upon our traits being learned by observation and our environment. The biological theory says that our traits are derived from heredity. Lastly, the cognitive theory states that our traits are a learned and come from our experiences. Of these theories, I feel that the cognitive theory and the behavioral theory are very similar because how we think about things can often be influenced by our environment. However, I lean more toward the cognitive theory. I believe that many of our traits are learned as a child from the adults around us. Many times the way we think and believe is taught to us by our parents, family members, a pastor, or a grade school teacher. Children are very influential and want to be like the people they love. As children we are taught that when we misbehave there will be consequences. By paying these consequences we learn not to repeat the bad behavior or we will pay the consequences again. An example from my childhood of cognitive learning would be when I went to the store with my mother and asked her to buy me some candy. She told me no, so when she was not looking, I put the candy bar in my pocket. When she realized what I had done, she took me back to the store and made me tell the store clerk what I had done. Not only did this embarrass me, but it also taught me a lesson. Although I knew stealing was wrong, it did not stop me from doing it because I did not know what the consequences would be. This life lesson from my mother stuck with me as a child and I still Psychological Prospective Essay 3 remember it as an adult. Since that day, I have not stolen anything else from anyone and I never will. Not only are positive behaviors learned, but negative behaviors can be learned as well. Hate can be a learned behavior and passed down from generation to generation. Racism is a form of hate. As a child, if we observe our parents treating people of different racial backgrounds in a negative way, we are taught to treat these people the same way. Until someone puts a stop to it and teaches there child to love everyone equally, the cycle will continue and go on to the next generation. An example of hate being a learned behavior from my childhood comes from my father’s side of the family. Prior to my birth, my father had a disagreement with his brothers and sisters. Because of this disagreement, my dad stopped speaking to his family. This lasted throughout my childhood and continued well into my adult life. Even though I had never met my aunts and uncles and they had done nothing to me personally, I did not like them and had negative feelings toward them. When I was in my twenties, my dad found out he had cancer and did not have much time left to live. He finally made peace with his family and I met my dad’s brother for the first time. He was a very nice man and I realized I had hated him my whole life for absolutely no reason other than that I was told to dislike him. Through studies, Psychologist have learned that even something as horrible as child abuse can be a cognitive behavior. Many child abusers report that as children they also suffered abused at the hands of their parents. Many people would think that a man or woman who grew up in a home where child abuse was present would remember the pain and suffering that it caused them. That it would make them want to break the cycle and not cause their own child this same pain. However, in reality, they continue the same pattern of behavior that they learned from there parents and the cycle continues. Psychological Prospective Essay In summary, my belief is that our identities are formed in many different ways, but the cognitive theory is the one that I believe in the most. Why do I do what I do? Why do I feel the way I feel? Why do I think the way I think? I believe that our personalities are built over time 4 through our memories and experiences that we have along the way. As we grow up and develop, we are both positively and negatively influenced by the people in our lives. No matter how we become who we are today, as we look back on our lives we can all pinpoint experiences and people who changed our lives forever. The story of how we became who we are is a reflection of the experiences we have had, the places we have been, the people we have met and people who have loved us along the way.

Lean Accounting

Essay Question 1 What are the main benefits and challenges of implementing a lean accounting system in a lean manufacturing environment? Do you anticipate interest in lean accounting will grow, the methods will change, or the concepts will fade out and be replaced with another ‘flavor of the month’? How do you perceive lean principles affecting your career? Justify your answers. I. Lean Accounting Lean accounting often refers to more simplified accounting practices that focuses on eliminating waste, reducing production lead time, and producing products on customer demand. But Lean accounting does not stand alone. It is enabled by lean thinking and lean production methods. And lean accounting not only needs lean manufacturing, it also facilitates lean manufacturing. 1 That’s why lean accounting is always related to, but not necessarily have to be associated with lean manufacturing. Here are some specific positive reasons that lean accounting is important. 1. Reduces time, cost, and waste by eliminating wasteful transactions and systems. 2. A better way to understand costs, product costs and value stream costs. 3. Provides information for better lean decision making. 4. Identifies the potential financial benefits of lean manufacturing improvements. 5. Frees up the time for finance people to work on lean improvement. 6. Focuses the business around the value-added activities created for customers. 2 II. Benefits of Implementing a Lean Accounting System in a Lean Manufacturing Environment According to the positive reasons that addressed above, companies can be benefited from implementing a lean accounting system in a lean manufacturing environment in several different ways. 1. Eliminate Waste One of the most important objectives of lean improvement is to eliminate waste from the non-value-added . Chapter 2, â€Å"Maturity Path to Lean Accounting†, Practical Lean Accounting. 2. Chapter 1, â€Å"Why Is Lean Accounting Important? †, Practical Lean Accounting. activities and processes of the company. Companies can save costs, free up capacity and improve product quality through eliminating waste. Generally, most of the reduced waste translate s into available capacity. Then, companies can make good use of the freed up capacity to generate financial benefits. If the reduced waste saves costs, companies can reinvest the saved working capital into the business and make improvements in production. 2. Better Lean Decision Making Lean accounting methods for decision-making revolve around an understanding of the flow of production through the value streams, and the effect of these decisions on the value stream profitability and contribution. Why we need to manage the business through the value streams? It was repeatedly stressed that the primary importance in lean is the focus on the flow of the product from the customer order to its final delivery. 3 We can clearly analyze the performance of the company through three parts on a box score, i. e. , operational performance, capacity usage, financial performance. Then, it’s easy, clear, and quick to make decisions upon the specific information we need. Especially, the advantages are that we can change some of the information to see how they will affect the profitability and margin, like some of the exercise we did with the outsourcing decision, and the financial information is up to date, often to the current week. 4 3. Time Freed up Employees are often categorized into different value streams so that the time of employee has been freed up by lean accounting, meaning that companies produce the same level of product or services with fewer employees. And finance people do not have to spend a lot of time preparing the financial statements, because it’s simpler and straightforward, forecasting and budgeting. Another way to conclude is employees’ work efficiency has been improved. Companies will save money if labor cost is reduced, as labor cost is usually the highest expense in the companies. The freed up time not only saves cost, but also can be devoted to lean improvements to pursue the goal of continuous improvement. In addition, companies can use the available time to cross-train employees and create them more skilled. . Chapter 7, â€Å"Managing by Value Stream†, Practical Lean Accounting. 4. SMA (2) _Lean Accounting, Decision Making, P23. III. Challenges of Implementing a Lean Accounting System in a Lean Manufacturing Environment Although there are more benefits from the implementation of lean accounting, the challenges do exist. There are always two sides to a thing. And we can’t avoid some challe nges during the implementation process. 1. Senior Management Initiative This is the most critical part when implementing lean accounting in a lean manufacturing environment. Lean implementation across the company will not be successful if senior management is not fully committed. The same situation in Who’s Counting? , the company won’t achieve anything if the executives are not fully supportive. And there will be conflicts between different departments, because they are not on the same boat. 2. Short-term Profitability Companies may find out that there is no short-term financial improvement after implementing lean. And this causes comments such as: â€Å"We see wonderful results in operations, but they don’t show up in the financial statements. If lean is so great, why doesn’t it hit the bottom line? †5 So lean accounting faces with the challenge that how to present and convince the executive team with different perspective and make sure they don’t give up transforming into lean in the very beginning formation of lean. 3. Traditional Accounting System Stand in the Way For those companies who have already on the right track, it’s harmful for companies to still use the traditional accounting methods. There is a very common example of this problem. Using the traditional accounting methods do not show the financial benefit of lean manufacturing, especially hen there is a sudden reduction in inventory level which has a negative effect on company’s profitability. IV. Future of Lean Accounting Before this course, I didn’t even hear about lean accounting. But, after learning this new concept via different channels, I personally prefer the idea of lean accounting than traditional accounting. Now, people desperately find ways to make things simpler, and easier to understand and use. So, in my opinion, the future for lean accounting is promising in that it saves time and energy, provides understandable information for all others besides the finance . Chapter 4, â€Å"Financial Benefits of Lean Manufacturing†, Practical Lean Accounting. people, and is value-added. Lean production is a model for the future—it may well become an essential element of a sustainable global strategy. As Henry Ford so aptly noted, â€Å"Customers cannot be expected to pay for waste, nor can a worker be paid very much for producing waste. †6 Lean is all about eliminating waste and creates value for both customers and the companies. But there are some problems when it comes to the time needed to completely transform into lean. Recall this issue from Who’s Counting? , it takes time to implement lean accounting and see the anticipated outcome from it. And a most critical problem is that lean accounting requires proper environment, i. e. , a lean manufacturing environment, to work out. However, everything takes time and has its disadvantages. Maybe some changes will be added to it and make it happen without these problems. In a word, the best future for lean accounting will be figured out through more and more companies joining the implementation of lean accounting and those companies wanting the change. V. Lean Principles Affect the Career The five lean principles, to be simplified, are 1) Customer value; 2) Define the value stream; 3) Create flow; 4) Create pull; 5) Continuous improvement. From my understanding, I think these principles can be concluded by a concept in lean thinking, i. e. , PDCA (Plan-Do-Check-Act). First of all, there should be a short-term or long-term plan for my career. And the core objective is to create value for the work and the company. Second, implement those plans instead of just thinking; find the root cause to solve problems instead of running away from them; be proactive in work, that is to say, don’t wait others to push me move forward. Third, constantly check whether I am on my way towards the ultimate goal in my career and make changes accordingly. Fourth, be strict with myself. The organization should continuously strive itself to become better and better. So do I. I have to make progress every day in order to adapt to the changing environment. Seeking perfection can be the ultimate goal both in career and in life. 6. SMA _Lean Enterprise, Conclusion, P28. Bibliography [1] Tyler Lacoma, Demand Media, Accounting Differences with Lean vs. Traditional Manufacturing [2] Dan Antony, Demand Media, Benefits of Lean Accounting in a Lean Manufacturing Company [3] Dan Woods, Lean Accounting’s Fat Problem, 07/28/2009 [4] John Cleveland, Benefits of lean in the accounting department, Feb, 2005 [5] Brain Maskell; Bruce Baggaley, Practical Lean Accounting [6] SMA _Lean Enterprise; SMA _Lean Accounting [7] Karen M. Kroll, The Lowdown on Lean Accounting—A new way of looking at the numbers, Journal of Accountancy, July 2004

Surveying and the Role of the Surveyor

Surveying and the Role of the Surveyor In its broadest sense, the term surveying encompasses all activities that measure and record information about the physical world and the environment. The term is often used interchangeably with geomatics which is the science of determining the position of points on, above or below the surface of the earth. Humans have been undertaking surveying activities throughout recorded history. The oldest records indicate that the science began in Egypt. In 1400 BCE, Sesostris divided the land into plots so taxes could be collected. The Romans also made significant developments in the field with surveying a necessary activity in their extensive building works across the empire. The next period of major advancement was the 18th and 19th centuries. European countries needed to accurately map their land and its boundaries, often for military purposes. The UK national mapping agency, the Ordnance Survey was established at this time and used triangulation from a single baseline in the south of England to map the entire country. In the United States, the Coast Survey was established in 1807 with the remit of surveying the coastline and creating nautical charts in order to improve maritime safety. Surveying has progressed rapidly in recent years. Increased development and the need for precise land divisions, as well as the role of mapping for military requirements, have led to many improvements in instrumentation and methods. One of the most recent advances is that of satellite surveying or Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), more commonly known as GPS. Many of us are familiar with using sat-nav systems to help us find our way to a new place, but the GPS system also has a wide range of other uses. Originally developed in 1973 by the US military, the GPS network uses 24 satellites at an orbit of 20,200 km to provide positioning and navigation services for a range of applications such as air and sea navigation, leisure applications, emergency assistance, precision timing, and providing coordinate information when surveying. The advances in air, space, and ground-based surveying techniques are in part due to the great increase in computer processing and storage capacity that we have seen over recent years. We can now collect and store vast amounts of data on the measurement of the earth and use this to build new structures, monitor natural resources and help develop new planning and policy guidelines. Types of Surveying Cadastral Land Surveys: These are related to land surveys and are concerned with establishing, locating, defining or describing the legal boundaries of land parcels, often for the purpose of taxation. Topographic Surveys: The measurement of land elevation, often with the purpose of creating contour or topographic maps. Geodetic Surveys: Geodetic surveys locate the position of objects on the earth in relation to each other, taking into account the size, shape, and gravity of the earth. These three properties vary depending on where on the earths surface you are and changes need to be taken into account if you wish to survey large areas or long lines. Geodetic surveys also provide very precise coordinates that can be used as the control values for other types of surveying. Engineering Surveying: Often referred to as construction surveying, engineering surveying involves the geometric design of engineering project, setting out the boundaries of features such as buildings, roads, and pipelines. Deformation Surveying: These surveys are intended to ascertain whether a building or object is moving. The positions of specific points on the area of interest are determined and then re-measured after a certain amount of time. Hydrographic Surveying: This type of surveying is concerned with the physical features of rivers, lakes and oceans. The surveys equipment is on board a moving vessel with follows pre-determined tracks to ensure the entire area is covered. The data obtained are used to create navigational charts, determine depth and measure tide currents. Hydrographic surveying is also used for underwater construction projects such as the laying of oil pipelines. Working as a Surveyor At present, the UK suffers from a shortage of qualified land / geomatics surveyors and many organizations have struggled to recruit over recent years. In the UK, a graduate surveyors starting salary usually ranges between  £16,000 and  £20,000. This can rise to  £27,000 -  £34,000 ($42,000-$54,000) once chartered status is achieved. Chartered status is gained from either the Royal Institute of Chartered Surveyors or the Chartered Institute of Civil Engineering Surveyors. A Masters degree is useful but not essential. Postgraduate qualifications also allow the opportunity to specialise in a specific area of the industry such as geodetic surveying or geographical information science. Entry to the industry with a foundation degree or Higher National Diploma is possible at lower levels such as assistant surveyor or in a related technician role.

Wikis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Wikis - Assignment Example can observe how the business offers its services and products by reading other people’s comments, therefore, getting attracted to the business if it has good ratings. This would bring new customers to the business. Thirdly, potential customers seek to work with companies that they can trust. A business that has a wiki creates an atmosphere of trust by showing that it accepts criticism if a service is rendered poorly. Therefore, many businesses that develop wikis are thought to deliver quality services, therefore, attracting new customers (Wagner and Majchrzak 17). The wiki can be critical to the employees as it would offer a platform where they can communicate with the customers, thus making them understand what the business is all about. It also ensures that the employees are treated well in the business to ensure that their comments are in the company’s favor. Partners can view the company’s progress through the wiki by reading the comments and assessing them to see if quality services and products are offered (Wagner and Majchrzak 21). Wikis bear ethical and security concerns in that any individual can add content, which may be offensive or not be relevant to the topics. Secondly, people assume that the wikis can be edited or written in favor of a particular issue, thus reducing credibility. Thirdly, wikis can be tampered with using malware applications or viruses (Cummings 6). The company can address these issues by ensuring that the users are registered before gaining access to the wiki. This helps to detected changes and identifies users’ presence. Antivirus programs can be used to detect malware programs that could be harmful to the computers (Wagner and Majchrzak 37). Cummings, Robert E.. Wiki Writing Collaborative Learning in the College Classroom. Ann Arbor: Digital Culture Books, an imprint of the University of Michigan Press and the University of Michigan Library, 2008.

Research paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 5

Research paper - Essay Example Though this term is more widely used in the realms of education, the term is also used in the area of disability rights and in the field of taxonomy. However, this paper will only focus on the inclusion regarding education. According to the Wisconsin Educational Association Council (2007), â€Å"inclusion remains a controversial concept in education because it relates to educational and social values, as well as to our sense of individual worth.† Generally, people who have other disabilities have not been able to attend regular classes due to there their physical or mental deficiencies, thus creating an atmosphere of being secluded from the public and suffer from social stress and personal development. However, as years pass by, laws were created to supervise the possibility of these children having lessons inside the comfortable environment where they could undertake there education. It was the law called LRE (Least Restrictive Environment), which made way for special children to be place in regular classes instead of having special classes which have been the traditional training for these atypical students. Several studies served as the backbone of this law and it quickly gained support in the year 1930s, when it was established, and in the year 1960s, when the rapid growth was formally announced as a breaking away from the traditional segregated self-piece practices (Dunn, 1968; Johnson 1962; Kirk 1964; Quay 1963). It was the concept of LRE that led way to the development of other laws such as IDEA (Individuals with Disabilities Educational Act) which took care in improving the rights of special children in education so that they could experience normal lifestyle as far as possible. The aim of this paper is to explore the various possibilities in which inclusive education for the special children can be attained. It will cover the pros and cons of being in an inclusive education. It will also feature the outcomes of the surveys conducted

Corrections and Juvenile Justice Pt 2 Research Proposal

Corrections and Juvenile Justice Pt 2 - Research Proposal Example Juvenile offenders also dealt with abandonment issues, adjustment problems, and were eventually removed from their homes due to poor supervision on the part of the parents. In 1972, the FBIs Behavioral Science Unit was established in Quantico, Virginia for the purpose of studying the techniques and analyzing the patterns of serial killers. Their hard work and efforts resulted in foolproof methods of identifying variable elements the serial killer possessed, which would later distinguish him/her from a single-incident (murderer) and other categories of multicide, including the mass murderer (an act in which a number of people are killed by a single assassin in a short period of time), and spree murderer (multiple killings take place over a longer period of time, days, weeks, years (Douglas & Olshaker, 1995). With this information, the FBI was able to research into collected data and research demographic information collected on their primary subjects childhood and to determine their propensity to commit the aforementioned criminal acts. As a result, their findings yielded useful and profound information about the subjects juvenile delinquent history, wh ich was later utilized in creating profiles of serial murderers as well as violent offenders. For many years, researchers believed that both personality and situational factors must be taken into account in the assessment of dangerousness in juvenile offenders, and offered instructions on how to identify the factors (Quinsey, 1995). In recent years, it can now be accepted that violent behavior in youths as well as dangerousness, is a complex behavior which is determined by biological, psychological, and sociological factors (Ward & Gibson, 2010). Experts categorize youth that persistently offend the law in order to gain clarity and understand their behaviors. There are three types of juvenile offenders according to Jones, Harris, Fader, and

International Business Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

International Business Management - Essay Example Governments, therefore, have to use more sophisticated means of extending assistance to the domestic industry and such assistance is required to produce results in the form of a viable industry because it is unfair to the national taxpayer or the consumer to continue to suffer if domestic industry cannot compete at least in the domestic market, if not the global markets. Although there are provisions in the WTO Safeguards Agreements which, because of their broad language, may be used by a national government to impose tariffs if the domestic industry is likely to suffer serious injury, such loopholes are likely to become more difficult to use in the future because of new consensus that is already emerging to close them. Hence, national governments have to assist domestic industry by providing direct and indirect subsidies through management assistance, export assistance, skills development, assistance with research & development as well as information gathering and dissemination. Gov ernments have to do much more then merely enacting legislation if a nation is to continue to have a viable domestic industry. This brief essay takes a look at what a national government can do in order to assist domestic industry in the era of trade liberalisation. In an era of international trade liberalisation, there is intense market competition for goods and services because manufacturers and service providers from all over the world try to sell their manufactured products and services in a national market. As a result of the global movement towards trade liberalisation, nations are required to progressively reduce their tariffs to permit market access to producers and suppliers from all over the world. Such access means that the domestic industry is required to compete with the products and services of international manufacturers and service providers on quality, price

Islam And French Colonial Rule In West Africa History Essay

Islam And French Colonial Rule In West Africa History Essay Following the European conquest of Africa there was a substantial expansion in both Muslim and Christian societies. Though Christianity was perceived by some as a machine of colonialism and part of a European civilising mission, taking Islam was on the other hand viewed as anti-colonial, reflecting a form of resistance rather than collaboration. Islam offered a sense of community during colonial rule when the continent was experiencing a time of rapid change and mobility. F admin sought to systematically manage the practice of Islam in their colonies in a way of which they could bring it into alignment with the F perspective of modernity and make Islam serve as a bulwark for the states authority. At same time officials half heartened efforts slavery, inconsistent labour cash cropping projects and arbitrary power by poorly trained and underfunded admin brought dramatic and unexpected changes in how comm. were org and how individuals understood their position in soc. West African Musli ms drew creatively on centuries of Islamic thought and soc experimentation to craft new identities and comm. out of the changes brought by F. Example was how followers of Yacouba Sylla gave a new meaning to the hollow and alien terms that colonial politicians spoke about such as freedom, dev and modernisation. They made them central themes in a mystical Sufi practice that looked little like the enlightenment-based liberal republicanism governors hoped to create or like reformist Islam promoted by modernisers elsewhere. (Hanretta 2009, 3) The terms accommodation and collaboration are commonly used by historians to describe the relationship between Islam and French colonial rule in West Africa. In Islam and Social Change in French West Africa, Hanretta states that in places like Senegal, Mauritiana and Mali, when successful in representing their version of Islam as being compatible with the dictates of colonial rule, they were given access to metropolitan power to use against other religious leaders for clients and patronage. This relationship could be seen as a collaboration of resources between the colonisers and the Muslim colonised, to maintain order and peace (Hanretta 2009, 138-139). Another traditional Islamic community were the Sufi Brotherhoods, in particular the Tijaniyya in Senegal, Mali and Guinea, who split into branches and networks that have cultivated family networks. Of the Tijani scholars there were who actively opposed French colonial rule in the 19th century, by the 20th century many became outspoke n collaborators of the colonial government (Heck 2007, 65). Heck and Hanretta mention Seydou Nourou Taal, grandson to al-Hajj Umar Taal, who contributed to and organised many Tijani jihad movements, whilst Seydou Nourou became one of Frances greatest Muslim intermediaries. When colonial occupation began, many Muslim leaders accepted European administration who agreed to grant them limited control over their communities; this was what part of what the Europeans thought was an efficient and cheap system of governance (Hanretta 2009, 60). These are examples of when Muslim leaders and communities chose to cooperate with the colonial regime and shows that areas under Islamic rule decided to accommodate French colonial rule and in some parts of West Africa, Muslim leaders obtained a peaceful relationship between the two. Brenner looks at the case of Agibu where the motivating ideology for al-Hajj Umar was reformist Islam, which opposed the civilising mission of the French colonial ideology. The relationship between Islam and colonial French rule is built on clashing ideologies and conflict. Brenner states that between the two world wars there was a confrontation between Tijani Sufism and French Islamic policy, and the major French goal with respect to Islam was maintenance of political stability. The French had realised by the second decade of the 20th century that their greatest threat to colonial rule in West Africa was Islam because it had the potential to unite large numbers of people to form resistance against European domination. The relationship therefore could be one of conflicting aims, where the French tried to impose rule among Muslims who did not want to be ruled by non-Muslims. The French were persistent, they promulgated a new native policy in 1909 where Governor General William Ponty e xpressed concerns that Muslims shouldnt govern non-Muslims and in 1911 it was decreed that all administrative correspondence, as well as judgements by native courts, should be written in French, rather than Arabic. These attempts to dissuade the spread of Islam failed however it showed that he wanted French colonial rule to monopolise the politics of Agibu and this meant reducing Islamic influence. This was similar to French Soudan where colonial military officers aimed to limit conversion to Islam (Mann 2003, 264). However, Islam grew more rapidly than ever, becoming the dominant religion of commercial centres in Soudan, where new arrivals that came to seek work in these towns converted to Islam. This chapter of Agibus history should be described as Domination and the French Challenge to Islam (Brenner 1984, 32-38). French Colonial rule in Agibu posed a threat to Islamic values and Islam posed a threat to colonial rule, creating a relationship of conflict. Robinsons explanation of the relationship between Islam and French colonial role in Senegal is a good example of both conflict and collaboration. The French werent able to accommodate rule within Muslim societies, they found it difficult to adjust and through practice and trial and error they did manage to exert a form of indirect rule over the societies. Their intentions behind this form of control was to cut French costs, whereby they used the local population to grow peanuts, pay taxes and in essence, maintain order. This however caused many of the Muslims to resent colonial chiefs and persuaded them to become marabouts that although abandoned their political powers they did encourage their followers to pay tithes but provided them also with an education and welfare as well as assurance. The French recognised the importance of marabouts in maintaining order and brought back Amadu Bamba (Muslim scholar and Sufi leader) from his exile who they had previously accused of plotting to w age a military jihad against the French (Heck 2007, 61-62). This shows collaboration between the colonial French and Bamba. They believed that he would help to stabilise the colonial economy and political order, he returned realising that French colonial rule would endure and that they had but no choice to accommodate (Robinson 2004, 182-196). After Mamba died the Murids became the dominant and economic force in the peanut basin and accepted colonial rule (Searing 2002, 128-130). In his book Sufism and Politics Heck goes on to say that Bambas return from exile not early pacified relations between his followers and the French colonial system but it developed a pattern of understanding and proved to be profitable for both sides (Heck 2007, 63). Here the relationship began by the French adjusting to ruling over Muslim societies and eventually exploiting them to grow peanuts and pay taxes to cut administration costs. This completely turned around when the French had to seek help from Ba mba and other marabouts to maintain order and therefore join forces with Muslim leaders and societies, thus forth displaying a relationship of compromise. It is important to be aware of what earlier French Islamic policy was in colonial Africa in order to examine the relationship between Islam and French colonial rule in West Africa. The presumptions made by French colonialists of Islam and Africans had implications on their reaction towards Muslim leaders and their subjects. Hanretta states that there is no doubt that the beliefs the French held about Islam, Africans and the nature of the colonial mission deeply influenced the reactions of the officials to Yacouba Sylla and his followers. Through a working, shifting compromise, Muslim leaders were tolerated and even patronised, but also carefully scrutinised. A lot of the action taken by the French in West Africa was based on experiences they had encountered in Algeria, for example the idea that Muslim networks, particularly Sufi tariqas could be used as intermediaries provided they were small and particularised, small enough not to gain enough power to compete with regional systems a nd African enough to protect themselves from North African and Middle Eastern influences. Harrison agrees that if we are to find a serious and sustained development of French policy towards Islam it is necessary to look north to Algeria where a definite consensus emerged at the end of the 19th century (Harrison 1988, 15-27). French policy in the 1920s and 1930s turned on the distinction between good and bad tariqas, during this period a the bad tariqa was the Hamawaiyyah and naturally once Yacouba became seen as a Hamallist preacher the administrators goal was to determine whether him and his followers shared the tendencies of this order (Hanretta 2009, 127-128). The relationship between Islam and French colonial rule in West Africa could be characterised by a set of corrections the French were making from the mistakes they had made in North Africa. Sense of cooperation was seen with the leftist Popular Front government in France and Yacouba. It is said that although they were only in power for two decades, their reformist approach abroad had last effects on French West African Policy. In 1936 the Popular Front government helped boost Yacoubas efforts to organise his entire community into a single labour pool. The government also sought to mend the rift between eleven-beads and twelve-beads to bring Hamawis under a more effective control. The most important was the dispatch of Seydou Nouro Tal to Nioro, he was grandson to the head of the powerful twelve-bead Tal family who were opponents of the Hamawiyyah. He was released to reconcile with Shaykh Hamallah (founder of Hamawiyyah) and essentially offer him and his followers minimal protection for their submission to Seydou Nourou (administrations chosen leader of West Africas Muslim population). Thereby the Popular Front were able to change the image of the Hamawiyyah from being s een as a part of a larger politique musulmane to being integrated into Frances hierarchical network of Muslim clients (Hanretta 2009, 95-96). De Coppets attitude to Sheikh Hamallah portrayed him as benevolent and liberally minded, Harrison in France and Islam in West Africa suggests that the initiative for his Muslim policy in French West Africa came from himself and the impression Islam had on him in Mauritania (Harrison 1988, 193). In Fetishizing Religion Mann speaks of how Cardaire, a military colonial officer was cautious of the growth of Saudi-sponsored Wahhabism as a threat to French Africa, serving as director of Soudans Bureau of Muslim affairs he supervised the state-sponsored Hajj, where he accompanied pilgrims to the Hijaz. The fact that the state sponsored people to go on pilgrimage shows that they were tolerant and didnt oppress them from continuing their religious practices (Mann 2003, 270). Accommodation didnt take place between Muslims and a coherent colonial regime but rather was a result of temporary and local constellations of power in which religious elites and administrators shared similar goals. Muslim entrepreneurs able to take advantage of the conflict within administrative depictions of Islam. In areas where the states control of religious institutions was strong, French officials were able to influence a process of creating an environment where certain forms of Islam and certain networks of Muslim leaderships and certain ways of responding to French presence would thrive. An important resource Muslim elites could seek to control was the production of knowledge about African Islam, knowledge that in turn directed the activities of the colonial state. It seems almost as if the relationship was defined by them using each others resources against them and then realising how they would succeed and what methods they would use to gain power and changing it, to suit them (Hanretta 2009, 138-139).

The Character of Esteban in The House of the Spirits :: House of the Spirits Essays

The Character of Esteban in The House of the Spirits Allende portrays Esteban as having a strong and harsh character in the novel, The House of the Spirits. Yet, after leaving, his mother and sister, and starting a new and independent life, Esteban changes much. For the first time he is successful and wealthy. He feels as if he has no problems, mainly because he does not have a family to weigh him down. Trueba's move to Three Marias seems to appease his hunger temporarily, before his monstrous, demanding, and ever growing needs overwhelms him. The type of lifestyle achieved by Esteban Trueba in Three Marias far surpassed that of living with his mother and sister, however only brief moments of satisfaction are incurred. These, previously mentioned, moments created a hunger for perfection and greed that would continue perpetuate at any cost. Receiving a letter from Ferula brings back memories for Esteban of his sad life with her and his mother, which forces him to endure his memories of poverty and pain. He even remembers the smell of medicince, which had encompassed their home. These memories force Esteban to reflect on the reasons why he left them. He reminisces on that portion of his life, occupied by the deterioration of his family. Ferula endured many burdens as well, due to their father's drinking, then his death, their mother's age, her chronic sicknesses, and Esteban's childho od care. A direct result of these chaotic years is the siblings inability to relate. When Esteban bought a luxury, an elaborate coffee with his money she scolded him for "spending Mama's medicine money on [his] private little whims" (Allende 43). Eventually Esteban tires of this oppressive way of life and goes to search for a "destiny that was bright, free, and full of promise" (Allende 44). At Tres Marias he hopes to find his Eden. All this cargo from his past is called to his attention by the letter he receives from Ferula. The letter does result in inflicting guilt on Esteban, for his lack of morals and complete selfishness. Ferula tells Esteban, in the letter, that their mother wants to see her son again before she dies. "Esteban had never really loved his mother or felt at ease in her presence," but he knew that resisting this visit to pay his last respects would be unethical (Allende 71).

Self-determination

In life, there are many things that people believe in that will help them succeed in their life. Some may believe in intelligence or others may believe in a certain talent they have. All the things people do believe in that will help them succeed in life; these things require one to have determination. Determination is defined as the act of coming to a decision or settling a purpose. In other words, when you want something, you must have it, no matter what it takes you to receive it. In this paper, I will discuss the importance of determination and where it can cause a person to reach.What is determination? Determination is the most important trait that anyone will have to live with. It’s a characteristic that will encourage and inspire yourself and also those that are around you. Determination is having the willingness to accomplish something no matter how hard it may seem to accomplish. It causes people to have strength in a time of weakness. When people are determined, it a llows them to do their best and aim for their goals in life. I remember having to run the mile run in the military and we had to have a passing score.It came to a point during running the mile where I wanted to quit and stop running. I was feeling weak and I wanted to stop but I knew if I stopped running, I wouldn’t pass the run. So I drilled it in my mind to keep running so I can pass. I became determined in my mind to pass my two mile run and I passed. There are different ways a person can be determined. A person can be self determined. Self determination is when a person focuses on their own natural or intrinsic tendencies and allows themselves to behave in effective way.In other words, they focus on their own personal goals they have set for themselves and they do whatever it takes to reach that certain goal. Edward L. Deci and Richard R. Ryan of the University of Rochester believe in the Self-Determination Theory. Their theory is that determination is motivation. This co uld be true but for the sake of arguments, this theory will not be discussed in this essay. Another form of determination can be noticed in a team or group of people. Being in a team allows people to have more than one person to keep them encouraged.For example, if one person is working out by themselves, it would be a little harder to run laps or lift weights alone versus, being in a group where you have multiple people encouraging one another. Determination will always have a positive effect on anyone. People gain many different things from being determined to reach their goals. Being determined will allow one to get the job they have always wanted. It allows one to become more confident in themselves. It allows one to never give up but to always strive for what they want. I myself being in the military have taught me a lot about determined.It has showed me through determination, if I continue to strive for what I want in life, I am able to attain it no matter what I have to get t o reach it. Determination should be applied throughout everything we do in life. If we work a 9-5pm job every day, we should stay determined to do our best on the job. If we want to become an actor or actress, we should stay determined and strive to become the best actor or actress there is. Anything that we do, determination should be our most important characteristic. In sum, determination works through each and every aspect of our lives.No matter if we’re working on a 9-5pm job, if we’re trying out for a sports team or even if we’re working to finish our homework assignments on time, determination helps us to reach our goals and deadlines we set for ourselves. We should always strive for what we want and this is where determination enters our mind. References Graham, Paul; September, 2009; http://paulgraham. com/determination. html Champagne; 2008; http://www. booksie. com/other/essay/champagne/determination-(essay) Edward L. Deci & Richard M. Ryan (2012). Se lf-Determination Theory: An Approach To Human Motivation & Personality

True Crime Documentaries and Tv Shows

True crime documentaries and TV shows have grown in popular culture, but are more than entertainment; they have inspired the pursuit of many different careers. Television and movies are a major part of our everyday lives. Many of these movies and tv shows are influenced by real life situations giving them a natural and major influence on our behavior. There has always been study as to whether violence in movies and tv shows causes violent behavior in the younger generation. This has been shown by individuals in some U. S. chools violently imitating things they have seen in movies and shows. Research will also show that this violent behavior amongst the younger generation is increasing because of the influence of tv. The reason that television shows and movies influence us is that we try to associate with what we see. We try to find similarities between the characters and ourselves. Much of what we learn and associate with comes from documentaries. Some of the more popular documentari es are true crime mysteries. Along with these are documentaries about gang life and drugs.For the most part, these shows are meant to be educational in the matter of safety and the hope of teaching the population to make better decisions. Many tv shows such as CSI, Law and Order, Bones, and some others are meant for entertainment purposes. They are fictional dramas that may be based on true events. These true crime dramas have caused many different reactions. For some they are just entertainment and they do not associate anything from the episodes into their daily lives, but for many others, this is not the case.There is now something called the â€Å"CSI effect† where the exaggerated portrayal of forensic science on crime dramas actually influences public perception. Jurors are demanding more forensic evidence in criminal trials which actually raises the standard of proof for prosecutors. This turns into a â€Å"snowball† effect because as prosecutors demand more fore nsic evidence, so do the police in their investigations. The workload for crime laboratories has increased immensely and the number of forensic science programs in universities has greatly increased.The popularity of true life law enforcement shows such as Cops, DEA, Most Wanted, U. S. Marshals, and some others have also grown. Not only are these shows becoming more popular on an entertainment level, but they are also becoming recruitment tools. Many people have made the decision to join the Border Patrol solely on what they have learned from watching the popular series on tv. True crime documentaries and TV shows have grown in popular culture, but are more than entertainment; they have inspired the pursuit of many different careers.